中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
北京将建立河湖休养生息制度 依法划定禁渔区和禁渔期****** 中新网北京1月11日电 (记者 陈杭)北京市将建立河湖休养生息制度,依法划定禁渔区和禁渔期,根据水环境质量和水生态健康状况,研究推进重点河湖(河段)水库一定时限的全面禁渔,并妥善解决渔民生产生活问题。到2025年全市污水处理率达到98%,正常年景市内五大流域(永定河、北运河、潮白河、大清河、蓟运河)干流实现“流动的河”,民众亲水需求得到有效满足。 北京市日前发布《关于进一步强化河(湖)长制工作的实施意见》,旨在全面落实“节水优先、空间均衡、系统治理、两手发力”的治水思路,坚持河(湖)长制治水工作机制和责任制,坚持用生态的办法解决生态的问题,坚持治水为民,坚持精治共治法治,以河(湖)长制为总抓手,强化总河长令引领和主导作用,从河流整体性和流域系统性出发,严守河道行洪安全底线和生态保护红线,加快提升水治理现代化水平,不断提高水生态健康水平,让绿水青山成为大国首都的靓丽底色。 到2025年全市污水处理率达到98% 意见提出,到2025年,北京市河(湖)长制治水工作机制更加完善,责任制体系进一步夯实,水生态空间管控体系基本建立,水资源配置和水务公共服务水平大幅提升,水生态健康状况持续改善,水环境问题基本根治,全市污水处理率达到98%,地表水国控断面达到或好于Ⅲ类水体比例稳步提升,劣Ⅴ类水体全面消除,正常年景市内五大流域(永定河、北运河、潮白河、大清河、蓟运河)干流实现“流动的河”,市民亲水需求得到有效满足。 到2035年,北京市水生态健康状况实现根本好转,河湖水系生态系统生物多样性水平明显提高,水生态系统质量和稳定性大幅提升,水清岸绿、鱼翔浅底的河湖景象持续呈现,首都河湖成为造福人民的幸福河湖,现代水治理体系基本建立。 实现地表水和地下水协同保护修复 意见明确,北京市强化水资源管理,坚持“以水定城、以水定地、以水定人、以水定产”,健全完善水资源刚性约束指标体系,全面落实最严格水资源管理制度,严格水资源“取水、供水、用水、排水及非常规水源利用”全过程管理,强化高耗水行业用水监管。深入实施节水行动,全面压实节水主体责任,做到“管生产必须管节水、管行业必须管节水、管城市运行必须管节水”,推动农业节水增效、工业节水减排、城市节水降损、绿化节水限额,不断扩大再生水、雨水收集利用。 同时,强化水生态治理。加快复苏河湖生态环境,根据水资源条件和功能分区要求,最大限度满足河湖基本生态流量;科学认识和处理地表水与地下水补排关系,实现地表水和地下水协同保护修复;加快首都水网规划建设,提高河湖水系连通性,维护河湖健康生命。 依法划定禁渔区和禁渔期 意见提出,北京市坚持生态优先、绿色发展。牢固树立尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然的理念,处理好河湖管理保护与开发利用的关系,强化规划约束引导,促进河湖休养生息,维护河湖生态功能。 提升河湖栖息地生境多样性和河湖生物多样性,打通五大流域干流和重点支流水岸生物迁徙通道,规范放生行为,防治外来物种侵害。建立河湖休养生息制度,依法划定禁渔区和禁渔期,根据水环境质量和水生态健康状况,研究推进重点河湖(河段)水库一定时限的全面禁渔,并妥善解决渔民生产生活问题。 建设生态景观廊道 意见明确,北京市强化河湖空间与滨水区域空间融合,提升滨水空间开放共享与管理服务水平,进一步增强滨水空间活力。建设水城共融、林水相依的生态景观廊道,构建一批富含“生态、生活、生机”内涵理念的城市活力空间,打造一批水岸经济带。加快城市滨水慢行系统建设,依法合理布局河湖岸线便民服务配套设施,有序推动适宜河湖水域开展的水上冰上运动,不断满足市民休闲运动游憩需求。提升郊野河湖水生态品质,打造近自然岸线,构建清新明亮、蓝绿交织的生态景观带,提高滨水空间的通达性、宜居性。 提升跨省市界河湖联防联控联治 意见提出,北京市完善流域统筹协调机制。建立健全跨省市界重点流域管理工作联席会议机制,重点推动官厅水库、密云水库水源保护。充分发挥海河流域省级河湖长联席会议机制作用,强化与相邻省市河长制办公室的工作对接,统筹确定目标任务,统一治理标准,推动流域信息共享,提升跨省市界河湖联防联控联治水平。 健全区域协同机制。按照流域统一规划、统一治理、统一调度、统一管理要求,统筹确定跨界河湖不同区域的功能定位和保护目标。市级层面统筹跨区界河湖管理保护,区级层面统筹跨乡镇(街道)界河湖管理保护,明确上下游、左右岸、干支流管理保护责任。(完) (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |